Methodology: how every number on Pailiku is computed

Exhaustive enumeration, not simulation

Preflop matchup equities are computed by enumerating every possible board: C(48,5) = 1,712,304 boards per suit combination, weighted by suit isomorphism to class-average exact values. Hand-category probabilities come from complete counts over all 2,598,960 five-card combinations.

The only tool that uses Monte Carlo is the Range vs Range calculator, which is clearly labelled as such and reports a seeded, reproducible sample (400,000 trials) with a 95% confidence interval.

Two independent engines must agree

Any new numeric dataset must be reproduced by two independently written implementations that agree to the integer before it ships. This rule exists for a proven reason: an evaluator that had passed 20,000 random-sample tests was later found — by full exhaustive comparison against a second implementation — to hide two kicker-handling defects. Random testing missed them; cross-verification caught them.

Where language models are and are not used

Explanatory prose may be drafted with the help of a multi-model committee (three model families cross-reviewing each other, followed by adversarial critic passes and editorial review). Language models are forbidden from generating any number. All figures are injected from the deterministic engines, and independent smoke scripts re-compute them from source data before every release.

Solver-derived data

Push/fold Nash tables are computed by our own solver (exhaustive equity matrix, card-removal weighting, iterated best response). The exploitability of every published stack depth is public and at most 0.033 bb.

Updates and versioning

Pages are statically pre-generated and revalidated incrementally. Daily puzzles are pre-generated 90 days ahead with date-seeded determinism, and an independent script re-solves every puzzle to verify the stored answers.

How to cite Pailiku

You are welcome to cite any page: Pailiku, "page title", pailiku.com/path (2026). Statistics pages additionally provide CSV downloads and BibTeX/APA citation blocks.

Editorial accountability

Pailiku content is produced by the Pailiku Editorial team. All probabilities and odds are computed by deterministic code (lib/poker-math.ts) and cross-checked against authoritative references (Wikipedia poker probability tables, Wizard of Odds, official WSOP/WPT/EPT sources). We do not publish individual betting advice and are not affiliated with any gambling operator.